As the planet faces an increasingly urgent climate crisis, 176 countries gathered in London last week for a crucial round of negotiations. Their goal: to map out the future of the maritime industry.Despite going often unnoticed, this sector plays a central role in the global economy and in carbon emissions.
The environmental weight of maritime transport
While media headlines often focus on coal, gas-powered cars or even heavy industry, another major contributor remains largely under the radar: international shipping. In fact, this pillar of global trade accounts for nearly 3% of worldwide carbon emission, putting it on par with the aviation Industry in terms of its climate impact.
A carbon pricing system for shipping
The negotiations in London were aimed to bring the maritime sector in line with the Paris Agreement’s goals. A two-step roadmap was adopted: a minimum 20% cut in CO2 emissions by 2030 (compared to 2008 levels), and carbon neutrality by 2050.
To achieve these goals, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) – which is the United Nations body overseeing global shipping – made history last Friday, April 11 by approving the first carbon pricing mechanism for the shipping industry.
As of 2028, all vessels will be required to operate using low-carbon full blends. Ships faIlling to comply will face some financial penalties. The gain generated will be used to support the development of clean technologies and alternative fuels, as well as to aid developing nations in their transition toward a greener maritime sector.
A divisive decision
The decision to introduce carbon pricing did not win unanimous support. Deep divisions between countries led the IMO’S Committee to hold a formal vote
Supporters of the measure included the European Union, India and China, while major-oil exporting. nations – such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates – opposed the plan.
In the end, 63 countries voted in favor, 16 voted against, and some, like Pacific Island nations, abstained. The reason for this abstention can be explained by the fact that they are already facing devastating effects (like rising sea levels) and argued that the plan did not go far enough to match the scale and urgency of the climate crisis.
This Agreement marks a turning point for global shipping, finally anchoring the industry in the fight against climate change. Yet, deep divisions remain. Now, the true challenge lies in turning promises into action.
For more information :
Travaux de l’OMI pour réduire les émissions de GES provenant des navires
Accord historique visant à atteindre zéro émission nette du transport maritime mondial d’ici 2050
